Results | Lab on Institutional Corruption

Charlesworth, T. E. S., Hudson, S. T. J., Cogsdill, E. J., Spelke, E. S., & Banaji, M. R. (2019). Children use targets’ facial appearance to guide and predict social behavior. Developmental Psychology, 55(7), 1400–1413. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000734

Creswell, J., & Kaplan, S. (2019). How Juul hooked a generation on nicotine. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/23/health/juul-vaping-crisis.html

Summary. The company planted the seeds of a public health crisis by marketing to millennials, who had low smoking rates, and it ignored evidence that teenagers were using its products.

Heerwig, J., & McCabe, B. J. (2019). High-dollar donors and donor-rich neighborhoods: Representational distortion in financing a municipal election in Seattle. Urban Affairs Review, 55(4), 1070–1099. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087417728378

Kanter, G. P., Carpenter, D., Lehmann, L., & Mello, M. M. (2019). Effect of the public disclosure of industry payments information on patients: results from a population-based natural experiment. BMJ Open, 9(2), e024020. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024020

Summary. Describes the effects of publicly disclosing that physicians receive money from drug companies.

Kurdi, B., Seitchik, A. E., Axt, J. R., Carroll, T. J., Karapetyan, A., Kaushik, N., Tomezsko, D., Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. (2019). Relationship between the implicit association test and intergroup behavior: A meta-analysis. American Psychologist, 74(5), 569–586. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000364

Lee, J. J., Hardin, A. E., Parmar, B., & Gino, F. (2019). The interpersonal costs of dishonesty: How dishonest behavior reduces individuals’ ability to read others’ emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148(9), 1557–1574. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000639

Lee, J. J., Ong, M., Parmar, B., & Amit, E. (2019). Lay theories of effortful honesty: Does the honesty–effort association justify making a dishonest decision? Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(5), 659–677. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000364

Lehr, S. A., Ferreira, M. L., & Banaji, M. R. (2019). When outgroup negativity trumps ingroup positivity: Fans of the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees place greater value on rival losses than own-team gains. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 22(1), 26–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430217712834

Milovanovitch, M., & Bloem, S. (2019). Integrity of pre-school education in Armenia: an INTES assessment. Open Society Foundations and Center for Applied Policy and Integrity. https://www.osf.am/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Integrity-of-Preschool-Education-in-Armenia.-INTES-Assessment.pdf

Rose, S. L., Sah, S., Dweik, R., Schmidt, C., Mercer, M., Mitchum, A., Kattan, M., Karafa, M., & Robertson, C. (2019). Patient responses to physician disclosures of industry conflicts of interest: A randomized field experiment. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, S0749597818304709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.03.005

Mosquera, M. (2018). Transparencia, agenda e innovación. Un análisis de los procesos de transparencia activa en la Ley 5.784 de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. In Ciudad transparente: Ley n° 104 comentada, Ley n° 5784 y decreto reglamentario n° 260/17 (Vol. 1, pp. 359–389). http://editorial.jusbaires.gob.ar/libros/246

Heerwig, J. (2018, November 10). Evaluating the seattle democracy voucher experiment. Sludge. https://readsludge.com/2018/11/10/evaluating-the-seattle-democracy-voucher-experiment%ef%bb%bf/

Summary. A 2017 program showed "democracy vouchers" for Seattle elections doubled the amount of users over traditional cash donors, and that participants were more representative of the city's population in terms of income, race, and age.

Laver, R. (2018). Deliver us from Evil. Regnum Books International. https://www.scribd.com/book/395909898/Deliver-us-from-Evil-Corruption-and-the-Challenge-to-the-Christian-Faith-and-Church

Summary. This book is a product of a convergence of the diverse areas of law, international development and the integral mission of the Christian church. As a lawyer, academic and consultant in international development, I have had the opportunity to work extensively in the areas of governance, law and anti-corruption. I know, in theory and practice, the focuses, methods and tools that international development organizations use to fight corruption. I have seen at firsthand and endured the limitations of the mainstream approaches to combat corruption. Complementing this, my experience in global missions has allowed me to affirm, understand and appreciate the responsibility and great potential of the Christian church – as a community of believers – to be an agent of social transformation. I also fully recognize that we, as communities of believers, are falling short in modelling public integrity and playing an active protagonist role in the fight against corruption. This book will hopefully help believers and the church to reflect on, awaken to and engage with the profound injustice of corruption.

Mello, M. M., Murtagh, L., Joffe, S., Taylor, P. L., Greenberg, Y., & Campbell, E. G. (2018). Beyond financial conflicts of interest: Institutional oversight of faculty consulting agreements at schools of medicine and public health. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0203179. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203179

Summary. Describes gaps in the oversight of problematic faculty consulting relationships. This was my Safra project.

Senters, K., Weitz-Shapiro, R., & Winters, M. S. (2018). Continuity and change in public attitudes toward corruption. Routledge Handbook of Brazilian Politics, 15–38. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315543871-2

Summary. A review of which Brazilian voters think corruption is the most important issue facing the country and how that has changed over time.

Kaplan, S. (2018, October 7). Flashy science hub and vaping parties fail to win friends at W.H.O. tobacco talks. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/health/tobacco-e-cigarettes-treaty.html

Summary. Industry representatives, who were barred from the negotiations, ultimately failed to get delegates to designate a special exemption for new products.

Lawrence, L. (2018, October). How the founders failed. Stanford Magazine. https://stanfordmag.org/contents/how-the-founders-failed

Summary. The Constitution's Framers aimed to stem the corruption that threatened democracy, but crony capitalism rules government today.

Penders, B. (2018). Why public dismissal of nutrition science makes sense: Post-truth, public accountability and dietary credibility. British Food Journal, 120(9), 1953–1964. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-10-2017-0558

Summary. Of all of my work, these three papers most specifically draw from the the conceptual frames developed in the IC Safra Lab - although their explicit reference to it varies. The risk of IC to public credibility of scientific and scholarly institutions stands at the focus of this work, especially the paradox of the pursuit of value-free science as a value-laden approach to defend this crediblity without accountability.

Dekel, O., & Dotan, Y. (2018). Will procurement officials be biased to disregard procurement rules in favor of a low-priced, albeit defective, bid? Review of Law & Economics, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1515/rle-2016-0014

Summary. To what extent are professional decision-makers in the field of public procurement susceptible to cognitive biases? Recent research found a bias in favor of the lower bidder when ranking competing bids (Dekel and Schurr 2014, “Cognitive Biases in Government Procurement – an Experimental Study with Real Bid Evaluators,” 10(2) Review of Law and Economics 169–200). In the present research we examine this question regarding another stage of the public procurement process – the qualification stage. To this end, we conducted a series of experiments with the participation of procurement officials in situations that closely resemble their daily work. Our main finding is that even though procurement officials are susceptible to a cognitive bias when they have to score competing bids, they overcome that bias when asked to decide whether to qualify faulty or questionable bids. We cautiously ascribe this difference to the different types of decision-making involved, and suggest further explorations of these insights.

Dotan, Y. (2018). Impeachment by judicial review: israel’s odd system of checks and balances. Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 19(2), 705–744. https://doi.org/10.1515/til-2018-0033

Summary. This paper focuses on a doctrine that the Israeli Supreme Court has developed since the early 1990s under which the Court removes officeholders from their position by ordinary judicial review proceedings. Although this doctrine is not founded on any formal constitutional settings, nonetheless it has had a significant influence on the relationships between the judiciary and the political branches, as it was the basis for the removal of several major political figures — including ministers and top bureaucrats — from office. The substantial rise of judicial power in Israel since the early 1980s has been documented by the literature of comparative constitutionalism. Yet this rise took place despite the lack of any meaningful formal constitutional guarantees of judicial autonomy in Israeli constitutional law. I argue that this doctrine of removal can serve to explain this gap. This practice of ‘impeachment’ by judicial review is unique to Israel. Therefore, it has hardly been studied by the comparative literature. It is, however, extremely common and influential in Israeli constitutional and political life. It also enjoys massive support from legal elites and the general public alike. I argue that one cannot understand the relationships between the courts and politics in Israel without taking this component into account. In this Article, I describe the development of this practice by the Israeli Supreme Court and its influence on the relationships between the courts and politics in Israel. I also provide a critical evaluation of the doctrine.

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